Blue light blocking glasses from BLUblox- https://www.blublox.com |
Melatonin is a very powerful antioxidant with numerous physiological functions. The interplay between clock genes and light entering the retina is an intricate, delicate process that regulates normal cell division and associated regulatory processes. Clock genes can even influence the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents so this is worth investigating and asking your oncologist if you are a patient reading this. You can then determine what time of day might be most effective for the type of chemotherapy you are taking. If you would like to learn more, the official name for this form of study is Chronopharmacology.
General functions include:
a) Direct free radical scavenging,
b) Ttimulation of antioxidative enzymes,
c) Increasing the efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reducing electron leakage (thereby lowering free radical generation), and augmenting the efficiency of other antioxidants.
'There may be other functions of melatonin, yet undiscovered, which enhance its ability to protect against molecular damage by oxygen and nitrogen-based toxic reactants.
Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have documented the ability of both physiological and pharmacological concentrations to melatonin to protect against free radical destruction.' (2)
Known mechanisms of melatonin
The mechanisms underlying melatonin's ability to interfere with tumour metastases are numerous and involves several mechanisms involved with modulation of cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction (3).General functions include:
a) Direct free radical scavenging,
b) Ttimulation of antioxidative enzymes,
c) Increasing the efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reducing electron leakage (thereby lowering free radical generation), and augmenting the efficiency of other antioxidants.
Fig. 1- several mechanisms for the known effects of melatonin. (1) |
'There may be other functions of melatonin, yet undiscovered, which enhance its ability to protect against molecular damage by oxygen and nitrogen-based toxic reactants.
Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have documented the ability of both physiological and pharmacological concentrations to melatonin to protect against free radical destruction.' (2)
References:
1. Jung, B. and Ahmad, N., 2006. Melatonin in cancer management: progress and promise. Cancer Research, 66(20), pp.9789-9793.
3. Su, S.C., Hsieh, M.J., Yang, W.E., Chung, W.H., Reiter, R.J. and Yang, S.F., 2017. Cancer metastasis: Mechanisms of inhibition by melatonin. Journal of pineal research, 62(1).